「性相空寂」~ 師徒之間

何謂「性相空寂」呢？

性相空寂，就是平衡、調和、中道，因為平衡，所以自心空寂予人的觀感也是空寂。

空寂的外相，就是寧靜、祥和、從容。

修行，不過就是修養出空寂的境界罷了。

只因人世間，佛性未顯露，所以有種種凡夫心與凡夫相。

凡夫心，就是偏於一方，所以心在生滅變異中；

凡夫相，既是心境無常，所以臉有喜怒不定相。

凡夫心偏於一方，執於一方，這是世間真相，世間本就是相對存在。

所謂粗細、大小、動靜、進退、伸屈、快慢.....等等相對存在，

有人偏於粗，做事不思考容易粗心；

有人偏於細，思慮過多缺乏執行力；

有人偏於大，志氣高而自尊心太強；

有人偏於小，獨來獨往少與人往來；

有人偏於動，一味前衝而不顧大局；

有人偏於靜，安守本分不願多承擔；

有人偏於進，包攬本分以外多雜事；

有人偏於退，容易起退心封閉自己.....................

修行，若是能粗能細，能大智若愚也能細膩周全；

能大能小，能有恢宏器量也能按步就班做事；

能動能靜，能有行動力也能有智謀；

能進能退，能顧全大局也能善盡本分......

粗細一如、大小一如、動靜一如、進退一如，一如即平衡，平衡就是智慧。

因為有智慧，所以看來空寂。

心境有所偏有所執，這是凡夫個性也就是習氣，修行就是轉凡夫心為佛心，轉凡夫個性為佛性。

個性轉為佛性，所以看來空寂。

性相空寂，其理深奧，上人化深奧佛理為易懂易行的話語；結集這些性相空寂的智慧話語，成為今年年末靜思人文編輯組獻給全球慈濟人的心意-----無量義經偈頌。

《無量義經偈頌》，內容取自2008年至2009年上人晨語開示，釋義王端正副總所撰述的〈無量義經偈頌〉。

封面設計已敬呈上人並獲慈允，為淺咖啡色系，上繪宇宙大覺者淡筆線條勾勒圖。

敬請期待...........

中國在走向低智商社會嗎？

中國人一向重視教育，又有很多人自視聰明。但是，美國的《華爾街日報》最近發表一篇文章，題目卻是《中國在走向低智商社會嗎？》，引起輿論的注意。日本的大前研一是全球著名管理大師之一。他2009年出版《低智商社會》，主要觀點是現代日本人閱讀量下降，不愛思考，不愛向政府提意見，集體智商下降，導致社會上出現種種「笨蛋現象」。

美國《華爾街日報》這篇有關中國人集體智商的文章透露，大前研一在中國旅行時發現，中國人愛去的地方似乎是按摩店，而不是書店。中國人平均每人每天花在讀書上的時間不到15分鐘，還不到日本人的幾十分之一。大前研一得出的結論是，中國是典型的「低智商社會」，今後成為發達國家的希望渺茫。

據自由亞洲電台的報導，原山東大學經濟信息管理系主任孫文廣先生認為，中國人現在不愛讀書，一個關鍵原因可能跟中國的書不好看有關：「大家對書沒有興趣。中國的出版是在中共嚴格的掌控之下，出版要有一個審批的制度，出版的書稍微有一些新思想，不同見解的書籍就被禁止出版。」

孫文廣先生曾在香港出版《百年禍國》等四本書，但都因內容敏感遭到大陸的封禁。孫文廣先生說，他以前每年去有言論出版自由的香港或台灣，一個主要活動是在那裡看書、買書，他的一些朋友也是如此：「現在中國的書沒有什麼可買的，沒有什麼可看的。全是共產黨選出來的那一套。很多書不讓出，他對圖書不感興趣。看書少智商就可能會下降，或者製造一個低智商的社會。」

孫文廣先生注意到，中國雖然封禁一些政府不喜歡的言論和書籍，但並不敢公佈禁書的名單，導致一些中國人到境外買書時，也不知道買什麼書好：「海關檢查的時候，他認為是禁書就給你扣掉。你有沒有膽量把外面的禁書你劃一個名單出來，寫在香港的書店裡面說中國禁止進口這些書，它不敢。」

《華爾街日報》這篇文章表示，高智商社會應該有思想獨立、成熟的規模化個體群，有強烈的公共意識，有創新的想法，對知識和真理的追求大於對信息的需要。但是在中國民間，現在流行的是山寨和造假，沒有名副其實的創新。

美國德州理工大學教育心理與管理系主任藍雲教授表示，談一個社會的集體智商是個很大的課題：「這個話題很大，牽涉到很多概念，很多命題。所以如果不先把這些概念和命題搞清楚的話，我覺得無法討論。比方講對智商本身就有好多定義。」

但是，藍雲教授同時提到，具體到中國人的讀書習慣來講，確實是實用主義大於對知識本身的追求：「中國人讀書很可能不是出於一個求知的目的，而是非常實用主義的目的。所以，中國人可以很用心的讀對他很有用的書。但一般來說不是真出於一個求知、求真、求善的目的來讀書。所以在讀書的動機上中國人是可以反思一下是不是我們的教育尤其是社會對成功的定義把讀書作為一個敲門磚。那樣我們的讀書確實是沒有很高層次的追求。」

從全世界來看，讀書最多的是以色列人，他們平均每人每年讀64本書。俄羅斯人每人讀55本，美國人大概是50本，中國人平均不到5本。

前一陣中國發生的搶鹽風潮，也顯示很多中國人對基本科學知識缺乏瞭解。據專家分析，現在中國人讀書少，除了出版自由受限制、好書少、考試壓力大以外，還有網絡媒體更加流行、人們生存壓力大、公共圖書館數量少、藏書少等原因。

人老腿先知

"腿”有勁才能壽命長

活著不賴，一晃就幾十年過去了，想長壽吧，那是從古至今每個帝王將相的夢想，歷史書上說，他們仙丹、神丸沒少試，可往往都比一般人還死的早。一個個鐵的事實讓人醒悟，還是保重自己是上策，工作別累著，壓力別大了，器官常保養……靠誰都不如靠自己！

如果把身體比做一台機器，“腿”就是提供動力的馬達。

馬達不靈了，機器便會老化、運轉不良。人老後，不怕頭髮變白、皮膚鬆弛，怕的就是腿腳不靈便。在美國《預防》雜誌總結的長壽跡象中，“腿部肌肉有力”赫然在列。生活中也不難發現，長壽老人幾乎都步履穩健、行走如風。因此，只要養好雙腿，活過百歲的可能性便大大提高。

運動使人長壽——可是全身壓力都在“腿”

雙腿就像人體的承重牆。很少有人知道一個人50%的骨骼和50%的肌肉都在兩條腿上；人一生中70%的活動和能量消耗都要由它完成；人體最大、最結實的關節和骨頭也在其中。人年輕時，大腿骨可以支撐起一輛小轎車；膝蓋則承受著9倍於體重的壓力；腿部肌肉也要經常與大地的引力進行搏鬥，保持緊張狀態。“所以說，堅實的骨骼、強壯的肌肉、? `活的關節形成了一個‘鐵三角’，承受人體最主要的重量。”衛生部老年醫學研究所原所長 高芳堃 教授解釋說。

雙腿還是身體的交通樞紐。高芳堃說，兩條腿有人體50%的神經、50%的血管，流淌著50%的血液，是連接身體的大循環組織。中醫科主 任劉德泉 教授認為：“只有雙腿健康，經絡傳導才暢通，氣血才能順利送往各個器官，特別是心臟和消化系統。”可以說，腿部肌肉強勁的人必然有一顆強有力的心臟。

由此，美國科學家認為，從走路便可判斷人的健康狀況。如果一個70歲—79歲的老人，一次可步行約 400米 ，就說明其健康情況至少能讓他多活6年。老人每次走的距離越長，速度越快，走得越輕鬆，那麼他的壽命就越長。

衰老從腿開始！

俗話說：樹老根先枯，人老腿先衰。人老後，腿部和大腦間指令的準確性和傳導速度都有所下降，不像年輕時那麼默契。中醫科學院研究所 裴卉 博士解釋說，從出生到離世，腿每時每刻都在工作，如果不注意保護，自然就“年久失修”了。

美國政府老年問題專 家夏克 醫師表示，從20歲開始，如果不積極運動，每10年可能喪失5%的肌肉組織。同時，骨骼中有“鋼筋”之稱的鈣也會逐漸流失，人的骨關節，特別是髖關節和膝關節會出問題，比如容易摔倒骨折。高芳堃表示，老人骨折容易導致股骨頭壞死，長期臥床，繼而引起褥瘡、尿路結石等並發症，甚至誘發腦血栓。有 15%的病人甚至會在骨折一年內死亡。

“人老腿先知” 必知！腿部衰老的報警信號：　　

報警信號：腿腳沒有原先靈便了。這是衰老的最早特徵。40歲後，很多人感到腿腳不靈活，稍微多走點路，就像腿上灌滿鉛，發酸發脹，上樓梯也越來越費勁，沒爬幾層就氣喘吁吁。

報警信號：做點事就腰酸腿疼。特別是中年女性，只要站的時間一長，就會覺得腰酸腿痛。咳嗽時，腿還會出現放射性疼痛。如果小腿肚出現壓痛更要注意，說明腸胃已經開始“罷工”了。

報警信號：走路變慢。不知不覺中，步速越來越慢。偶爾走快點，會覺得腿腳不聽使喚，過後會連續酸痛好多天，甚至出現肌肉萎縮的情況。

報警信號：雙腿一側發涼。即使夏天也總感到小腿肚涼颼颼的，有時還覺得從臀部開始，到腳後跟，中間一條線都涼涼的。這可能是血液循環不暢造成的，也可能和腰椎間盤病變有關。

報警信號：抽筋次數增多。如果不是在運動後或因為受涼而抽筋，那就要注意了，這可能是骨質疏鬆的表現。有些人還會出現足跟疼痛，也必須引起注意。

報警信號：腫脹。血液循環不好會導致腿脹，同時這也是心腦血管病或腎臟疾病患者常有的症狀。

報警信號：靜脈曲張。女性更容易出現這種情況，20歲後就有可能發生。一旦腿上的血管突然非常清晰，彎彎曲曲像蛇一樣，說明腿部血管出現了勞損。

報警信號：髖膝關節疼痛。幾乎所有關節都會隨著年紀增大而變得脆弱，特別是髖、膝這兩處關節。如果你發現在下樓梯、蹲下或跳躍時出現不適，甚至腿部有摩擦磨損、卡住動不了的感覺，說明關節已經急需保護了。

必學！這樣做能阻止衰老提前來！

雖然人到中年後，腿會慢慢衰老，但養腿是一輩子的事，從20多歲開始，就要注意保護。特別是現在的開車一族，以車代步慣了，腿部力量通常比常人差，只有養好腿，才能阻止衰老提前到來。

首先，注意保暖，穿寬鬆的褲子，促進血液循環。

劉德泉說，千萬別讓腿部受涼，平時常用熱水泡泡腳，使氣血能順利到達人的上身，維持機體平衡。

同時，老年人要穿寬鬆的褲子和鞋，鞋跟2— 3公分比較合適。

此外，臨睡前拿個小枕頭墊墊腿，也能促進血液暢通。

其次，多曬太陽。不僅有利於保暖，還可以促進體內維生素D的形成，避免雙腿鈣流失，有效預防骨質疏鬆。

最後，就是要多運動。幾位專家教給大家一套從上到下的養腿保健操。

髖部：每天堅持背部靠牆站立，腳慢慢往前走，然後再退回，保持一個平穩狀態。此時背的下部要始終緊貼牆壁。

膝蓋：雙膝並攏，屈膝微微下蹲，雙手置於膝蓋上，先順時針方向旋轉30次，再逆時針旋轉30次，扭完雙膝後，再隨意活動一下肢體。

腿：老年人可選擇慢跑、游泳、打太極等有氧運動，最好每天能堅持健走45分鐘。中醫醫院老年病中心 劉征堂 教授建議，常揉腿肚：彎腰或是坐著讓雙腿下垂，用雙手同時輕輕拍打雙腿，由上至下反覆拍打數遍，再用雙手握拳置於雙大腿和腿肚處，旋轉揉動數十次。

腳踝：多踮踮腳後跟，建議抬起腳後跟再繃緊腿，每次保持5—10秒。

腳趾：兩腿伸直，低頭，身體向前彎，以兩手扳足趾關節各20—30次，能鍛鍊腳力，防止腿足軟弱無力。

少吃肉羹麵 、酸辣湯

肉羹麵 、酸辣湯  少吃為妙 ~!!!


肉羹麵、蚵仔麵線、酸辣湯 …勾芡的東西容易引起痛風及糖尿病之慢性病 。

喜歡吃燴飯肉羹湯的人請注意！

我的烹飪老師是西餐工會理事長雷良溪老先生， 他也一再說太白粉連蟑螂都不碰，是很毒的東西 ，寧以蕃薯粉代替。

請注意！ 肉羹麵、蚵仔麵線、酸辣湯 …告訴你一件事， 請轉告大家︰我昨天上了一整天的衛生講習（為了考試），其中一堂是衛生局的一位長官上的課，他是營養學科班出身的，他告訴我們 : 勾芡的東西儘可能少吃，因為容易引起痛風及糖尿病之慢性病 。

請勿常吃廉價牛排與燒仙草!!

請注意一下自己是否吃的健康喔！

尤其住在外面的人要更加小心 ~~ 以後不能常吃燒仙草了說 .

燒仙草和牛排別吃太多！要注意喔！

喜愛吃牛排的人要注意了， 吃太多的牛排容易致癌 ！本人於中原大學旁的某大牛排館服務快十年了，如何製造出美味的牛排是一門學問，但是消費者吃了之 後健康情形是如何，我們可說是從不聞不問 。

在製造牛排的過成中，有一項手續（我們俗稱 「泡肉 」，就是將切好的一片片牛肉丟進攪好的原料桶中泡，泡上十二小時後，就可以拿出來使用了，煎出來的牛排保證汁多肉嫩，原因就出在那桶「原料」，它的成份有米酒、沙茶粉、肉桂、嫩精（木瓜粉）等等， 其中嫩精就是嚴重的致癌物，吃多了只有壞處沒有好處，因為大多數的店家都是以賺錢為目的，根本不管消費者的健康著想，只一昧的要牛肉嫩、軟，大量加入嫩精，讓消費者覺得這家牛排館的牛肉跟別家不同比較嫩，但是您知道嗎？您的健康已慢慢被您吃掉了 。

二來是在煎牛排時的時候，如果仔細看過我們 煎菲力、鱈魚時，會 加一種東西，那個裡面也是含有嫩精，作用為讓物體軟化 ，但也讓身體健康退化，您不能不知啊！我有些驚訝，因為素食發展協會的理事長也曾告訴我們一樣的話，且千萬叮嚀！

不管是台製或日製的高級太白粉，其實均是由正常的粉麵類〔洗〕剩的副產品，不但沒有營養價值，且對人體有害，所以家裡煮菜，最好不要勾芡， 如果一定要，勾薄薄的就好（少中一點毒）。

吃菜剩下的湯汁更別拿來澆飯吃，因為它保留了最精華的農藥殘餘物 ； 當然了， 少吃羹湯類的東西是對身體比較好 。

有關燒仙草的事：

去年冬天我本來自己也賣燒仙草，一開始是向材料店拿桶裝的，由於它還沒煮成黏綢的燒仙草前，必須放冷藏室，佔空間又不好處理，加上成本頗高，因此只用了一次。

後來，心想自己用仙草乾熬好了，貨真價實，客人吃的安心，自己也賣的安心。

可是！熬了半天，竟然只是仙草「湯」，納悶之餘，便到材料店請教老闆，何以外面賣的燒仙草是綢綢的，此時，老闆拿了一罐東東給我，上面寫著「 嫩精 」二字，他教我一次只要灑 一點點，就可以把仙草乾熬得又綢又濃，賣的時候，再 加一些太白粉 ，邊賣邊加熱，就是您所喝的燒仙草了，待它冷卻後，就是市面上所賣的燒仙草（塊狀 )。

回家一試，不必十分鐘，仙草乾有接觸到嫩精部份的，已經爛透了，再熬兩個鐘頭，那兩把仙草乾早就變成像暴屍荒野的屍體一樣恐怖，爛…透了！又試了別種方法，傳統雜貨店老闆娘告訴我，可以用「 硼砂 」，而且，也是一點點就夠了，再試了一天！從此以後，那一大袋的仙草乾就被我冰起來了，不只不賣了，連外面賣的燒仙草都不敢喝了！

所以， 如果您喝的燒仙草是又濃又綢的，請先別太高興，也不要吃太多 !!

--- 本郵件來自HiNet WebMail ---

蚵仔煎與耳鳴

最近有份雜誌針對1,000位民眾抽樣調查，發現在台灣人的心目中，最能代表台灣美食的是蚵仔煎。蚵仔煎並且以相當大的差距領先珍珠奶茶和大腸麵線。

蚵仔煎在台灣這麼受歡迎，還可能無意間改善了很多耳鳴病人的症狀，您知道嗎？請聽我慢慢道來…

蚵仔煎會成為台灣第一小吃，據說和鄭成功有關。相傳鄭成功初到台灣，軍中缺少糧食，而台南一帶沿海地區盛產牡蠣，於是將士創造蚵仔煎的吃法，度過難關，此後蚵仔煎就變成台灣最負盛名的小吃。

真相如何已不可考，不過蚵仔煎裡面所含的蕃薯粉、茼蒿菜、雞蛋和鮮蚵以現代的眼光來看，的確包含蛋白質、澱粉、蔬菜等重要的營養成分，除此之外，鮮蚵所含的大量鋅元素更是幫助孩童成長、增強免疫力和維持男女性功能的重要成分。

許多人知道海鮮可以增強性能力，但是卻不知道原因為何。其實這和海鮮當中所含的鋅有關，男性精液裡含有大量的鋅，當體內的鋅不足的時候就會影響精蟲的數量與品質。海鮮中以蠔、蝦、蟹的鋅含量最為豐富。一顆小小的蠔或蚵所含的鋅成分大約是15毫克，幾乎等於正常人一天的需求量。

除了攝護線以外，耳蝸和前庭的軟組織內所含的鋅濃度也比身體其他部位高很多，耳蝸負責聽覺，前庭則負責平衡，所以當鋅缺乏的時候就會引起耳鳴、聽力退化甚至眩暈等問題。國外有篇論文報導耳鳴病人當中高達六成有鋅離子缺乏的情形，是否真有這麼高的比例筆者存疑，不過這份報告中病人在補充鋅離子之後耳鳴也隨之改善。

日本學者也曾經報導121位血清鋅離子濃度過低的耳鳴病人，在每天補充34到68毫克的鋅離子2周後，血清鋅濃離子度就恢復正常，同時耳鳴也得到改善。美國的學者的建議劑量是150毫克，大約是日本學者的2倍多一點。

根據筆者觀察，一盤蚵仔煎大約含有6顆鮮蚵（當然這和老闆的慷慨程度有關），以此推算，每盤蚵仔煎大約含有70毫克左右的鋅。剛好跟日本學者的研究所用的劑量差不多。所以，如果耳鳴病人有鋅缺乏的問題，一天吃1到2盤的蚵仔煎肯定會有幫助。

但是各位讀者要小心，鋅和所有的微量礦物質一樣，攝取過量也會影響到其他微量元素的平衡甚至中毒。在體內鋅和銅兩者是呈現互補的狀態，鋅的濃度升高銅的濃度就會下降，所以長期補充鋅離子可能會造成銅離子的濃度不足，導致貧血。

蚵仔煎在無意中改善了許多耳鳴病人的症狀，難怪國外耳鳴病人中高達四分之一生活受到極度的干擾，而筆者的門診中，只有一成左右有這樣的情形，也許這要感謝蚵仔煎的貢獻也說不定！

（本文作者邱正宏 為景升聯合診所院長、耳鼻喉專科醫師）

What is Generation Y ?

- People born before 1946 were called The Silent generation..

- The Baby Boomers, are people born between 1946 and 1959.

- Generation X, people born between 1960 and 1979.

- Generation Y , are the people born between 1980 and 2009

Why do we call the last group Generation Y?

Recently a cartoonist explained it very eloquently below...

And I always thought it was because they say....

Y should I get a job?

Y should I leave home and find my own place?

Y should I get a car when I can borrow yours?

Y should I clean my room?

Y should I wash and iron my own clothes?

Y should I buy any food?

心靈抗癌

文／孫安迪
近幾年來，一些歐美國家開始流行「意念療法」治療癌症。一位美國德克薩斯州的晚期喉癌病人，醫師診斷只能再活一個月。有位精神心理學家，建議在藥物治療同時，採用「意念療法」。要求每天靜坐，排除一切雜念，想像自己喉頭裏有許多惡魔，而體內白血球則是些勇敢的戰士，他們都集中在喉頭與惡魔戰鬥，把惡魔消滅光，咽喉的惡性腫瘤便漸漸變小，每天病人堅持作二～三次，一個月後，病情便有了明顯好轉。另外，教過筆者生化的董大成老師也有「快樂抗癌」的深切體認。

心靈力量是意念（意識）活動的一個類型。諾貝爾獎得主英國物理學家約瑟福遜認為：測量電子繞原子核運動時，電子的軌道會受到觀測者意識活動的干擾，因而產生測不準的問題。

從這一點來看，意識具有物質性的作用，從而推知心靈力量也可能如此。量子力學是研究微觀世界的能量狀態的；意念也是一種狀態，如何發展量子力學，研究意念狀態與心靈活力，是值得考慮的。諾貝爾獎得主美國物理學家威格涅在他的《論身心問題》一書中指出：過去物理學家不考慮意識作用，是不全面的，應該把心靈與物質結合起來研究。

前年美國也出版了一本震撼醫學界的新書，該書蒐集報導了數百個病例，都是罹患癌症卻奇蹟式痊癒的真實故事。醫學專家研究分析這些自癒的病例後發現：「心靈與身體相互影響，情感與意志力可以影響身體機能。」「思想和情緒是造成不藥自癒的主因。」

醫學專家發現，心理層面，特別是念力的療效似乎大過醫藥的力量。所以有醫師教導病人用心智控制其身體病痛，利用信仰力量作為抵抗病痛的武器。有了強烈的意念與念力，再配合打坐觀想、催眠、瑜珈等方法，會產生不可思議的治療效果。心靈對疾病的康復竟超過生物的醫藥控制？

另外心理刺激所引起的情緒反應，可通過下視丘控制的荷爾蒙分泌來影響免疫功能。如是負面情緒，可使胸腺退化，干擾Ｔ細胞發育成熟，抑制抗體反應和吞噬細胞的功能，及減少干擾素的產生等。這些都會降低免疫力，使易於致癌，或癌細胞易於擴散。

如何發揮心靈抗癌力量？如前述觀想以外，平時還可禪修或練氣功，使經絡活絡，增強抗癌力量。如筆者平時習練達摩禪功六式精髓，前五式為動功，可自行演練；第六式為靜功，需人指導。

第一式　丹田吐納

兩腳張開與肩同寬，雙唇緊閉，用鼻呼吸，雙手置於小腹前方約一拳頭寬度，掌心朝上，緩緩吸氣至小腹，同時雙手緩緩舉至胸前。呼氣時，雙手翻掌，掌心朝下，緩緩降至小腹，氣隨兩掌之下降，緩緩吐出。

第二式　甩手通脈

兩眼輕閉、精神統一於頭頂，兩腳張開與肩同寬，雙手舉起約與肩齊，然後雙手順勢向下甩去。

第三式　踢腳通脈

先踢左腳，兩眼平視正前方直視一定點，左腳自然抬起向左前方踢出，腳尖下壓，踢腳約二十次，停下休息。再換踢右腳，要領與左腳同。

第四式　天地震動

兩眼輕閉，精神集中於頭頂，兩腳張開與肩同寬，兩腳微蹲，用雙腳之力帶動全身上下震動。

第五式　正定不動

兩眼輕閉，兩腳張開與肩同寬，雙手自然下垂置於大腿兩側，此時雙手手掌下壓，掌心與地面平行，五指伸直併攏，手指朝前，將精神集中於雙手掌心。

第六式　靜心坐禪

需請老師指導禪坐方式。

身材變糟了怎麼辦？

好久沒穿的褲子 or 裙子扣不上了怎麼辦？教你一個方法5分鐘後就能穿了！


一. 聽起來, 很有道理也, 有空試看看吧!

二. 日本人做事, 真是認真!!

好神奇, 回去馬上試試~~~

影片來源：緯來日本台的生活魔法家

http://vlog.xuite.net/vlog/guest/basic.php?media_id=eEdmaVlPLTcyNjcyMC5mbHY=

真的是非常神奇的方法。而且居然只有五分鐘！

相對於魔鬼式的減肥，流淚流汗，還不一定有效果，這樣躺在地上五分鐘，就可能改變小腹的一生，真是令人泫然欲泣。

小薯也有請教過相熟的脊骨治療師，治療師也認為，很多人坐著或站立的姿勢不正確，的確有可能導致腹腔的臟器"掉"下來，不完全是因為肥胖，才生出令人煩惱的小腹。

為了安全起見，小薯當然要拿大薯做實驗，看看到底是節目的效果還是真有其事。

首先，先讓大薯拿一件無法穿上去很久的長褲，接著按照電視的步驟：

1. 平躺在地上，拿髮圈將兩個腳的大拇指套在一起.

2. 在腰部，約在髖骨和肋骨之間，墊一個對折的坐墊.

3. 雙手朝頭頂方向伸直(10指相扣枕放在後腦杓.手肘朝上)

4. 腳尖微微下壓.

就這樣過了五分鐘。結果，大薯起身，開始試穿那件不能穿的長褲，沒想到，腰間的釦子居然可以扣上了！！

原本半信半疑的大薯，也嚇了一跳。從側面看起來，大薯的鮪魚肚真的已經從大腹肉變成中腹肉，真是太令人感動了。

所以大家回去也可以試試看喔。

A Brief History of Reston

Reprinted from a publication of Gulf Reston, Inc.
I. Reston Land Before The Twentieth Century: 1649-1886

The land on which Reston now stands first became a political entity in 1649 when King Charles II (exiled in France) deeded one-fifth of the present commonwealth of Virginia, a parcel of land known as the "Northern Neck Proprietary", to seven noblemen. Lord Culpepper, one of the original seven, later acquired title to the entire parcel which in 1710 went to his daughter Catherine, Lady Fairfax.

The land remained in the Fairfax family for generations. In 1843 Thomas Fairfax, the Ninth Baron Cameron, deeded over 8,000 acres, including what is now Reston, to is son Reginald, who, in turn, sold the land to Benjamin Thornton in 1852 for $5.00 an acre.

Following the Civil War, the land became a favored area for speculation. In order to satisfy back taxes, the land was put up for auction in 1886 and sold to Dr. Carl Adolph Max Wiehle and William Dunn for $20,000.

II. What Happened To Wiehle?: New Town Predecessor 1886-1961

In 1881, Dr. Wiehle, a successful German-born physician from Philadelphia, retired from general practice at the age of 35 and brought his wife and children to Washington.

The Washington and Old Dominion railroad made it possible for fashionable Washington families to own summer homes in the nearby Fairfax County, Virginia area, and in 1886 Dr. Wiehle formed a partnership with William M. Dunn to buy at auction 6,449 acres of rolling, timbered land in Fairfax along the railroad in the area known as Thornton Station. The cost was less than $4 an acre. The land was later divided, with Dr. Wiehle taking the 3,228 acres north of the railroad tracks, where in 1888 he built a Victorian-style frame house with an elaborate white gazebo near the station. The house is no longer in existence, but the gazebo still stands beside Reston Avenue. About the same time he bought an additional 300 acres, including the land now the property of the Fairfax Hunt, for $10 an acre.

A man of prodigious energy and imagination, Wiehle must have found retirement at 35 unbearably dull, for he soon turned his attention to an ambitious project. In his virgin forests of oak and hickory he envisioned a new town, complete with a hotel, industry, parks and a community center.

To lay out the town, Dr. Wiehle brought a planner from Germany, who used a modified grid pattern, which evolved from medieval European cities built inside walled fortresses for protection. The grid pattern was believed to bring the most economical use of land, and had been used for centuries, even where land was unlimited.

Although only a few of the streets were ever laid out, many of Wiehle's plans were carried to completion. In 1887, he succeeded in establishing a post office named Wiehle (rhymes with Greeley), which it was to remain until officially changed to Sunset Hills in 1923. A two-story brick Town Hall with an 80-pound bell in its steeple was built at the corner of Edmond and Lakeside Avenues. Church services were held on the second floor until the Wiehle Methodist Episcopal Church on New York Avenue was completed in 1907. The church was in regular use until 1939, but the pulpit and pews have long since disappeared and the Chapel, as it is now called, houses scenery for the Reston Players.

Of the planned 800 residences, only six or seven are known to have been erected. All the homes were similar in design and construction-two stories and finished in white clapboard. The house Dr. Wiehle commissioned, as a replacement for his summer home, was an imposing brick mansion of 25 rooms. Situated on a knoll behind the gazebo, it was completed in 1902. However, Dr. Wiehle died of pneumonia in 1901 and never occupied it. Within a few years after his death the town went into a slumber for 60 years.

Transportation was probably not a major problem. The Washington and Old Dominion Railroad, successor to several earlier lines, made the 20-odd mile trip from Washington to Wiehle in less than an hour. During the rainy season, when unpaved Route 606 became impassable, the train was used for the short trip to Herndon for supplies.

Furthermore, Wiehle's overall plan did call for industry, as necessary then as today if a town is to be self-sufficient. A strip of land along the old Lakeside Avenue, strategically close to the railroad tracks, was set aside for industrial use, but the limited extent of the industry may have discouraged prospective residents. The first industry in the area included a mill built for the Maryland and Virginia Serpentine and Talc Company of Baltimore. A brick kiln and sawmill were established to supple materials for the construction of the town, and an icehouse was built on the shore of one of three lakes which were hand-dug on the edge of town near the intersection of the railroad and Louis Avenue. Only the largest of the lakes remains today-the others were filled in during the widening and paving of Route 602.

The plan itself, though shortsighted by contemporary standards, probably was not responsible for the town's arrested development. Irving Wasserman, a Chief Planner for Gulf Reston said, "For its time the plan was rather advanced. However, its street design clearly shows its variance with modern street planning, which is geared to contemporary traffic needs and relates to the contours of the land."

The streets themselves were 60 feet wide, and the main thoroughfare 70 feet. The geometric arrangement of the avenues resulted in many triangular lots which would have been difficult to use. Several of these oddly shaped parcels were designated as parks, pre-dating by more than half a century the "vest-pocket" parks now being introduced in New York City.

Economic conditions may have been a major factor in Wiehle's failure. The country experienced a severe panic and depression just before the turn of the century, caused in part by the silver crisis. The silver dollar fell in value to 49 cents after western mines began to produce silver in unprecedented quantities in the late 1890's. Land values also fluctuated wildly, with some areas in the United States doubling in value between 1881 and 1887, and by 1892, the date of Wiehle's completed plat, boom towns were turning to ghost towns as the inevitable deflation set in. Another factor in the plummeting land prices was the mechanization of farm production, which increased the yield per acre so that for the first time in history, production exceeded demand.

The most likely reason for the town's early demise was the untimely death of its founder at the age of 50. His sons did not share his enthusiasm for the project, so the plan gathered dust on a shelf and future expansion was abandoned. In 1908, Dr. Wiehle's heirs sold 3,500 acres for $80,000, and the acreage was primarily used for farming for the next 15 years.

After changing hands several times, what was left of Wiehle was purchased by the A. Smith Bowman family in 1923, and a distillery-Virginia Gentleman-was established in the town's old industrial buildings. The ice house became the office of the Internal Revenue agents assigned to the distillery, and the churchlike steeple was removed from the Town Hall so that the structure could be decently used for aging the barrels of whiskey. In 1947, the Bowman's purchased the former Dunn tract south of the railroad, bringing their total holdings to well over 7,000 acres. The property changed hands twice more before all but the portion occupied by the distillery and the former Wiehle mansion, now the home of A. Smith Bowman Jr., was acquired by Robert E. Simon, Jr., a man with a new dream he called Reston.

III. The Genesis Of Reston: 1961-1962

Simon Enterprises, headed by Robert E. Simon, Jr. purchased 6,750 acres (additional acreage added later, to 7400 acres) of the historical parcel of Virginia countryside in March 1961 from Lefcourt Realty Corporation. The price of the purchase was $13,150,000 or $2,000 an acre, a long way from the $5.00 an acre paid by Benjamin Thornton 100 years earlier.

Before engaging architects, economists, sociologists and planners, Robert Simon set down seven goals which were to become the blue-print for the building of Reston (a name formed from his initials):

1. That the widest choice of opportunities be made available for the full use of leisure time. This means that the New Town should provide a wide range of recreational and cultural facilities as well as an environment for privacy.

2. That it be possible for anyone to remain in a single neighborhood throughout his life, uprooting being neither inevitable nor always desirable. By providing the fullest range of housing styles and prices-from high rise efficiencies to six-bedroom townhouses and detached houses-housing needs can be met at a variety of income levels, and at different stages of family life. This kind of mixture permits residents to remain rooted in the community-if they so choose-as their particular housing needs change. As a by-product, this also results in the heterogeneity that spells a lively and varied community.

3. That the importance and dignity of each individual be the focal point for all planning, and take precedence over large scale concepts.

4. That people may be able to live and work in the same community.

5. That commercial, cultural and recreational facilities be made available to the residents from the outset of the development-not years later.

6. That beauty-structural and natural-is a necessity of the good life and should be fostered.

7. That Reston be a financial success.

Simon wanted his country-city to be more than a place to live; he wanted Reston to be a way to live. He wanted to offer not only a new kind of housing scheme and new relation of home to recreation, but another dimension-thoughtful planning for community life. Frustrated by the disappointments of family life in suburbia, incensed by the enormous waste of time commuting from home to city, disillusioned by the asphalt wilderness of the regional shopping center, Bob Simon looked to Reston as a creative solution to America's increasing urban crisis. Reston was soon to become the first major effort in the United States to build a full-scale self-contained city on the perimeter of a larger metropolitan area.

Simon was familiar with the ten satellite cities, of 30,000 residents each, which Leonardo daVinci had proposed for Milan in 1484 as a solution to the overcrowding which brought on the Black Plague that same year. Bob Simon was no stranger to the works of Ebenezer Howard (1850-1928) whose book Garden Cities of Tomorrow (1902) inspired England's first city-in-the-country, Letchworth. Simon's father was involved in financing America's first garden city in 1928, Radburn, New Jersey.

Assisting the planners of Radburn, Clarence Stein and Henry Wright, was a young architect, Julian Whittlesey. It was to the firm of Whittlesey and Conklin that Simon eventually turned for the creation of the Reston Master Plan. The firm of Whittlesey and Conklin (now Conklin and Rossant) deserves the major credit for the distinguished plan which today guides the development of Reston.

Convinced that his master plan should be shaped by innovative land use, Simon envisioned Reston as a well-balanced community, not merely another subdivision. He wanted Reston to be a unique, private real estate venture which would integrate residences, industry, commerce, schools, churches, cultural institutions, social and recreational facilities in an essentially independent community structure which would be economically viable and socially desirable.

Faced with conventional zoning ordinances in Fairfax County which segregated residential, industrial and commercial use, Simon had to formulate his own code in order to make his dream become reality.

"Our present zoning ordinances are largely responsible for the diffusion of our communities into separate, unrelated hunks without focus, identity, or community life", Simon said. "They have helped produce chaos on our highways, monotony in our subdivisions, and ugliness in our shopping centers. They are to blame for the whole neon-lighted wasteland that exists because of the subdivision's separation from commercial and recreational facilities."

Simon dreamed of a cohesive community made possible by mixed density zoning. "Mixed land use reduces the distance between home and offices, stores, community facilities, and recreation. It provides day and night use of the same areas and facilities, which is more efficient economically, more interesting aesthetically, and safer. Mixed land use gives the developer greater flexibility. He can construct garden apartments, high-rise buildings, and townhouses in a way appropriate to the topography of the land. And mixed land use saves space, which makes additional facilities possible."

Assisted by economic, social, legal and political consultants, and armed with a creative master plan based on sinews of high density linking seven village centers and a town center, Bob Simon presented his bold innovation to Fairfax County.

In July 1962, the Board of Supervisors of Fairfax County adopted into law Residential Planned Community (RPC) zoning. Based on population density distribution, the RPC code allows the land to be divided into density areas: high (60 people per acre), medium (14 per acre), and low (3.8 per acre), and permits: apartments above stores, high-rise with townhouses, and the spread of commercial, recreation and community facilities throughout. Under this zoning code, the developer must submit a master plan to the county and maintain an overall maximum density of thirteen people per gross residential acre.

"We started with a program rather than a plan," Simon said. "We asked what people could be offered when they moved here, rather than what we were going to do with the land. It was like Christmas. Whatever we could dream up, we would write down. And, in the end, we actually used many of the ideas we wrote down."

The physical plan that emerged came from the concept that people came first. The usual concentric, bull's eye plan, with densest areas in the center and a green belt around the outside was avoided. Successes and mistakes of new town building in Europe and Britain were carefully studied. Open space in Reston, it was decided, would be used for recreation rather than protection, as in other new towns.

Simon wanted to make these open space areas as accessible as possible to all residents. This desire sparked the Whittlesey and Conklin plan for high-density sinews that wind through the property from north to south. This plan brought all residents within walking distance of these recreation areas.

The Reston master plan called for seven village centers which would provide convenience shops and community facilities for 10 to 12,000 and serve as the focal point of each neighborhood. 42% of the gross acreage was left to the public factor, which included open space, roads, parks, golf courses, walkways, schools and churches. A town center was established which, when built, would service not only Reston's expected 75,000+ population, but an additional 50,000 people as well. 1,000 acres, in the heart of the property, were set aside for an industrial center.

By the spring of 1963, working drawings were in order and detailed plans had been approved by the County for construction of Lake Anne Village Center, Reston's pilot project. A substantial loan from the Gulf Oil Corporation early in 1963 enabled Simon to put into operation the elaborate machine which he had started two years before.

IV. Reston, Virginia, Inc.: 1963-1967

The first project was the building of 30 acre Lake Anne. Carved out of a natural water-shed area, 94,000 cubic yards of earth were moved to create a 45 foot high by 500 foot earth dam. Completed in August 1963, at a cost of close to a quarter of a million dollars, the Lake Anne dam impounded the waters of Colvin Run and the lake began to fill. By the time the dam was completed, work had already begun on Reston's first 18-hole gold course. Designed by golf course architect Edmund B. Ault, the Reston North Gold Course was over 7,000 championship yards. An entire underground irrigation system was put in. Drawing water from newly-formed Lake Anne.

Throughout the spring of 1963, construction began on the shops, apartments and townhouses of Lake Anne Village Center, designed by master planners Conklin and Rossant. Simultaneous construction began on the first two townhouse clusters: Waterview Cluster, 90 townhouses designed by Washington architect Cloethiel W. Smith, and Hickory Cluster, 90 townhouses designed by Charles M. Goodman. This initial project included 227 townhouses, 113 rental apartments, including 15-story Heron House, and approximately 50,000 square feet of commercial space.

During this same period of time, three different projects were set in motion. In May of 1963, Reston's first residential sales office, known simply as the "Roundhouse", started pushing up its walls on the hillside overlooking Route 606. It was located on the road which was at that time the sole entrance to the growing village center from the highway.

A mile away, siting and grading started on the Group Facilities Complex in the heart of the 1,300 acres set aside for government and industry. Located along the Washington & Old Dominion right-of way, across the valley from the Bowman Distillery, the Group Facilities Complex was immediately adjacent to the newly graded fairways of the first golf course. During the following spring, construction began on the first 33,000 square foot shell building of what was soon to emerge as Isaac Newton Square.

Meanwhile, down at the southern tip of Reston's eleven square mile boundary, siting and initial road grading began off Route 602 (now Reston Avenue)2 in Hunters Woods Village; Simon was persuaded by the County planners to concentrate his low density areas around the periphery of the 7,400 acres. He felt it important to begin selling lots for detached, single family homes in Hunters Woods village in case the cluster homes in Hunters Woods Village in case the cluster concept of Lake Anne Village was not acceptable to the metropolitan Washington market.

As work commenced in Hunters Woods Village, Simon and his legal counselors worked on the Deeds of Dedication and By-Laws for Reston's First and Second Homeowners Associations: the First to serve the area north of the Dulles Access Road, the Second to serve the area south.

The principal role of the associations was to care for the land and facilities designated for community use and common ownership: i.e. open spaces, swimming pools, tennis courts, Lake Anne. A secondary role of the associations was to enforce the covenants set forth in the Deed of Dedication which is part of the title to each parcel of Reston land. The covenants dealt with the external appearance of property and empowered an Architectural Review Board to approve plans for all non-developer construction.

The Reston North Golf Course opened for play in May 1964, and during its first season averaged 1,000 rounds per week. Shortly thereafter, construction began on the 40-stall Reston South Riding center in Hunters Woods Village. At the same time, a number of single-family homes began to emerge out of the woods opposite the riding center.

Two days before Thanksgiving, 1964, the Reston Industrial Division welcomed its first tenant-The Air Survey Corporation, an aerial photographic and photogrammetric engineering firm with 30 employees-into the Group Facilities Complex.

Two weeks later, on December 9th, the Residential Sales Division greeted Reston's first citizens, a couple who purchased a Waterview Cluster townhouse on the shores of Lake Anne. Industry had preceded the people.

Five days later, on December 14th, Reston's second industrial tenant, HRB-Singer, Inc. a division of the singer company, moved into their laboratory facility on a five-acre wooded site in the Industrial Center.

By February 1965, the entire commercial space available in the Lake Anne village Center had been leased. The leases included a pharmacy, Fairfax County branch library, a decorator studio, hairstylist, hardware store and garden shop, dry cleaners, barber shop, restaurant, art supply store, card and gift shop, supermarket, and children's store. In addition, space in the first office building was quickly rented out to a life insurance company, a bank, a lawyer and two dentists.

By the time Lake Anne Village Center was officially opened on December 4th, 1965, two community swimming pools, four tennis courts, a volleyball court, numerous playgrounds, a pedestrian underpass and several miles of pedestrian walkways, the first 18-hole golf course, a riding center, a fifteen story high-rise, 227 townhouses, 113 apartments and approximately 100 single family detached homes, not to mention the village center itself, had all been completed. In addition, seven industries had signed up for occupancy in the Industrial Center and four were actually in operation, employing over 250 people. Residential population was approximately 500.

Throughout 1964 and 1965, the John Hancock Mutual Life Insurance Company had been watching the development of Reston with keen interest. At the end of 1965, it was announced that Hancock would invest a considerable sum of money in permanent financing for the orderly long-term development of Reston.

Reston was officially dedicated on May 21, 1966. Guest speakers at the Dedication day Program included Stewart L. Udall, Secretary, Department of the Interior, and Robert C. Weaver, Secretary, Department of Housing and Urban Development. The Dedication Address was given by Mills E. Godwin, Jr., Governor of the Commonwealth of Virginia. At this landmark program, Robert E. Simon, Jr., was awarded HUD's first Urban Pioneer Award. In a telegram from the President of the United States, Lyndon B. Johnson sent greetings: "In this age of ever-mounting urban growth... the birth of a new town such as Reston is a living influence which invigorates our concepts of urban planning... I extend greeting to all of you as you dedicate the City of Reston."

During the Dedication ceremonies, Secretary Udall revealed the Federal government's decision to build the new $50,000,000 headquarters of the U.S. Geological Survey on an 85 acre site in Reston's Industrial Center. Skidmore, Owings & Merrill would be the architects for the 1,000,000 square feet of space.

By the end of 1966, four more major industries had signed on to join the Reston community. Population had tripled in a year's time, townhouse sales were moving well for the first time. The apartments were 100% occupied, and close to 200 single family homes were either occupied, built or under construction.

But development and sales could not move fast enough to cover the tremendous burden of developmental costs. By the fall, the residential population was nearing an unimpressive 2,500, and only about 370 townhouses, 400 apartments and 325 home sites had been sold or rented, far short of projections. Bob Simon had exhausted his financial resources. It was at this point that Gulf Oil Corporation stepped in.

Writing in the Washington Post in November 1967, Robert Durham, President, American Institute of Architects, pinpointed exactly the problems facing those who wish to build a community from the ground up, including all the social institutions: "It would be a mistake to believe that Reston' current problems raise questions about the viability of the New Town movement, or about Reston's design. The project difficulties stem from neither of these sources. They reflect the fact that in the U.S. we have not yet faced up to the special kind of financing needed by New Towns. Contrary to other kinds of construction projects, a New Town by its nature must provide for a long lead-time between investments and returns--a time when costly community facilities and amenities, plus payments, taxes and land carrying cost in general will deplete early capital and there will be insufficient income to replace it."

Gulf Oil Corporation had been studying Reston's profit potential from the very earliest days. It was their initial investment in the spring of 1963 that enabled Bob Simon to go from blueprint to bulldozer. Gulf saw promise in the professionally planned community as an investment as well as a means of demonstrating the company's interest in the orderly development of New Towns in the U.S. with private funds and experienced management.

As an international company operating around the world, Gulf had been observing over the past several decades the sociological impact on the New Towns being built in Sweden, Finland, Scotland and England. Gulf Oil was no newcomer to the world of town planning: a wealth of experience in designing and building complete towns all over the world provided financial and managerial insight.

Based on exhaustive computer studies regarding Reston's profit potential, land use restrictions, financial feasibility studies, and managerial availability, Gulf decided to accelerate and expand the development of Reston consistent with the long-term aspects of the project.

2 and now Reston Parkway.

V. Gulf Reston, Inc.: 1967-1969

Gulf formed a subsidiary, Gulf Reston, Inc., to take over the planning, construction, financing and sales of the new community within the framework of the original master plan. On September 28, 1967, Gulf took over full financial and operational responsibility. One of Gulf Reston's first goals was to accelerate development. More people were needed to fill jobs; more industry was needed to attract people. The entire process-planning, county approval, construction and marketing-had to be stepped up. It was decided that a constant minimum of 1,000 residential units a year had to be reached in order to make Reston turn the financial corner.

1968 was a year of acceleration. Some 800 units of all types were completed. Reston's population soared over the 5,000 mark. Ten major new industries came into the Industrial Center, and 108,000 square feet of lease space was constructed in Isaac Newton Square, including the construction of the 30,000 square foot Newton Building in the heart of the complex. The Reston industrial population jumped to 1,400. Reston's second church, the Washington Plaza Baptist Church, was completed in the Lake Anne Village Center.

Long-awaited monies from the Department of Housing and Urban Development finally became a reality, and for the first time in Reston, construction began on moderate-income housing.

The Reston Community Association (RCA), a volunteer membership group directed toward the creation and establishment of community programs, was formed. In March 1968, active members of this organization inaugurated Reston's first Express Commuter Bus system. This embryonic mass transportation system was started on a shoestring with little subsidization from either developer or bus company.

This commuter bus system has since gained national recognition and set a national precedent for citizen action in the improvement of mass urban transportation.

In 1969, 1,200 residential units were completed and Reston's 7,500 population was evenly distributed among apartments, town and patio houses, and single family homes.

By the end of 1969, 30 industries were located in the Industrial Center with a working population of 2,000; A graduate extension of the Virginia Polytechnic Institute (VPl), a branch bank and a 300-seat cafeteria opened in the Newton Building, Isaac Newton Square; And an advanced group from the U. S. Geological Survey started operations in a Reston-based facility.

Five swimming pools and eight tennis courts were completed as of December 1969. Reston's paved walkway system, with seven pedestrian underpasses, totaled over ten miles in length. And the Hunters Woods Elementary School, Reston's second elementary school, opened at the start of the 1969 school season.

Construction on the second 18-hole golf course neared completion. Plans were announced for the 21 acre Reston Inn and Conference Center Complex, located adjacent to the second 18-hole golf course. The plans for this Complex included an Inn with approximately 300 guest rooms, 25,000 square feet of seminar-meeting rooms, a 205,000 square foot high-rise office building, a 700-seat twin cinema, and 15,000 square feet of retail commercial space. Working drawings were also started on Reston's second village center in Hunters Woods Village.

Twenty-seven months after the subsidiary was formed, Gulf Reston, Inc. had pumped new blood into an anemic development program, sharply reversing a critical cash position. In that short span of time, 2,000 residential units had been completed, consistent with early management goals, and population figures had jumped from 2,500 to 7,500.

Ten new major firms opened their doors in the Industrial Center in 1969 alone, and the industrial population pushed to the 2,000 mark.

As a strong signal of confidence in this improved climate; The Metropolitan Life Insurance Company in October 1969, signed a long-term mortgage agreement; for existing income-producing properties with Gulf Reston, Inc. in the amount of $10,500,000. Not only did this resource come at a time of extremely tight money, but the commitment evidenced the ability of Gulf Reston, Inc. to perform as a recognized and independent real estate developer.

Finally, the apparent success of Gulf's intercession must be measured by the fact that, contrary to the early fears of some Reston citizens, Gulf's management supported the innovative master plan as a continuing guide to each new developmental phase.

VI. A Year of Impressive Gains: 1970

1970 will long be remembered as the year of economic depression. With the White House sitting on one of the worst inflationary spirals in history, a tight lid was clamped on mortgage and lending market. Everyone felt the squeeze of nation-wide spending cutbacks. But hardest hit by tight money was the housing industry. With an estimated 26 million new homes needed in the 70's alone, housing starts fell far behind the 1.7 million units hoped for in 1970.

Contrary to this trend, 1970 registered some impressive gains for Gulf Reston, Inc., and the development of Reston, Virginia.

Housing

Housing was a significant part of the success story. Aided by lending money and standby commitments from the parent Gulf Oil Company, Gulf Reston kept sales moving at a good pace during the most severe postwar credit crisis.

In twelve months, Reston's population jumped from 7,500 to 11,250-a 50 per cent increase over December, 1969- Five hundred and fifty-five apartments, 328 townhouses and patio homes, and 272 detached homes were completed in 1970 for a grand total of 1,155 living units.

November residential sales set an all-time Reston record for one month-$2,800,000 which was double the November, 1969, volume and triple the same month in 1968.

In November another precedent was set: Northgate Square, Reston's first cluster of town- houses with FHA/VA financing went on the market. Two to five-bedroom townhouses ranged from a low of $26,350 up to $37,250. For the first time in Reston's history, a family could buy a home with no money down.

As a result of this market expansion, a large number of families living in Reston rental units purchased their first home. Sales started briskly from floor plans and models in a trailer at the building site. By the end of 1970, even before the grand opening of Northgate in January, 1971, almost half of the 80 townhouses had been sold.

Another portion of the housing success story occurred in the area of low and moderate-income housing. One hundred and ninety-eight low and moderate-income units, in a garden apartment complex called Cedar Ridge, were completed in May, 1970. Built with financing made available under the 221(d) (3) Section of the 1968 Federal Housing Act, Cedar Ridge demonstrated Gulf Reston's willingness to forego profits on the land in order to establish a sound housing mix.

Writing about Reston's Cedar Ridge in his architectural column in the April 6 WASHINGTON POST, critic Wolf Von Eckardt stated: "The Federal government has an official policy of promoting integrated new communities, and a lofty goal of building more low-cost housing- Yet, it seems that Gulf, which is in business to make money, shows a greater sense of urgency than the government about having blue-collar workers, barbers, mailmen and even some people on welfare live in the same town with well-paid researchers, managers and GS-15 civil servants."

Rents in Cedar Ridge ran from $120 for a two-bedroom apartment (for families earning between $6,000 and $9,400) to $165 for a four-bedroom unit (available to families with incomes ranging from $7,900 to $12,200. Ten of the 198 units, interspersed throughout the complex, were designated for public housing families and leased to the Fairfax County Housing Authority. Qualified families could rent one of the $165 four-bedroom apartments for $90, with the Fairfax County Public Housing Authority making up the difference.

With only word-of-mouth promotion, Cedar Ridge opened its first units to the public in the fall of 1969. By year end all 198 units had been rented; and two months later there was a waiting list of 150 families.

In February, 1970, ground was broken near the entrance of Lake Anne Village for the construction of Fellowship House, Reston's first housing project for senior citizens-the first housing project of its kind in an American new town.

Sponsored and managed by Fellowship Square Foundation; Inc., a non-profit corporation, Fellowship House was built with monies obtained under Title 202 of the National Housing Act of 1968. The 138-unit; nine-story high-rise offered efficiency, studio, one and two-bedroom apartments for singles or couples of any race, color or creed over 55 years of age with incomes not exceeding $5,400. Rents ranged from $99-50 to $126-50.

Like Cedar Ridge; Fellowship House contributed to Reston's growing population mix. By the end of 1970, 80 per cent of the units were rented.

Industry

Integral with the bright Reston housing scene in 1970 was an unprecedented year of industrial and commercial sales. By December, 1970, more than 100 businesses and industries, associations and educational institutions, government agencies and professional services as well as shops and stores were located in Reston.

One of the major news stories to come out of the year 1970 was the announcement that the Nation's largest educational association, the National Education Association, and ten national affiliates had purchased 56 acres of the campus-like Reston Center for Associations and Educational Institutions adjoining the site of Reston's Inn and Conference Center complex.

James D. Gates, Executive Secretary of the National Council of Teachers of Mathematics, and coordinator of the NEA move to Reston, stated the following reasons for coming to Reston: "The site of the Educational Park, located next to the Dulles Expressway, five miles from Dulles International Airport, adjacent to the Inn and Conference Center and public golf course, was one of our primary reasons for selecting Reston.

"Reston has consistently appeared as the number one choice, not only of independent study groups sponsored by the associations but also of two consulting firms employed by the associations to review possible sites for relocation because of the inadequacy of present facilities in Washington, D.C."

"We were attracted to Reston because of the open space, community facilities and attention given the environment. It affords us flexibility, room for development and planning for the future." "Another very important factor is the availability of housing for different income groups. We would like to be able to help provide jobs for people, traditionally bound to the inner city, in a rural environment-in an area of planned development — such as Reston," Gates concluded.

In October, 1970, the Board of Directors of the American Newspaper Publishers Association made public their decision to move the ANPA headquarters from 750 Third Avenue, New York City, to ten acres in Reston's Center for Associations and Educational Institutions. This decision was the culmination of more than two years of extensive study and location review by the ANPA Board.

In making the announcement, Stanford Smith, ANPA General Manager, said, "Reston was selected from three different locations under consideration because of its ideal proximity both to the U.S. Government departments in Washington and because of Dulles Airport. The ten-minute drive from Dulles to our headquarters location will provide greater ease of membership contact with ANPA headquarters than our present location in midtown Manhattan. FAA studies indicate that Dulles will possibly become the largest airport on the East Coast in the next 15 years."

Architectural Awards

In January, 1970, at an awards ceremony on Washington Plaza, Centreville District Supervisor Martha V. Pennino presented to Gulf Reston President William H. Magness a bronze plaque-the highest recognition in the County's First Annual Beautification Awards Program. Selected from over 30 applications and cited for its "fortuitous blending of architecture, site planning and landscaping as a focal center for the community of Reston," the Lake Anne Village Center was awarded one of three bronze plaques by the Fairfax County Government.

Six months later at an awards ceremony luncheon in Fairfax Dr. William S. Hoofnagle, Chairman of the County Board of Supervisors, presented another bronze plaque to Mr. Magness in highest recognition of the County's First Industrial Beautification Awards Program.

A special category-Mixed Commercial and Industrial Award-was created by the panel of judges to recognize the Newton Building in Isaac Newton Square and the Professional Building located at 11401 North Shore Drive at the entrance to Lake Anne Village. The Reston plaque was one of four awarded to industrial facilities within the County judged to have been "designed, constructed, landscaped, and maintained so as to enhance their immediate environment and the County as a whole."

Land And Facilities Deeded To Reston Homeowners

In the early days of 1970, Gulf Reston deeded over to the Home Owners Association a total of $600,000 worth of debt-free recreational facilities, walkways, bridges, parks, lakes and open space. This included seven swimming pools, 18 tennis courts, a riding stable and 280 acres of lakes and open space. In August; a $90,000 pedestrian overpass at the intersection of North Shore Drive and Wiehle Avenue was dedicated to the Home Owners Association.

Two Golf Courses

On June 1, 1970, the Reston North Golf Course was transformed into a private Reston Golf and Country Club. A championship 18-hole, par 71 course, the North Course first opened to the public in the summer of 1964.

An extensive addition to the existing clubhouse provided for the new Country Club a formal dining room, dance floor, cocktail lounge and grill, exercise suites, sauna baths, an Olympic size six-lane indoor pool, indoor handball and squash courts, and a golf pro shop. In addition, two all-weather outdoor tennis courts were installed.

On the same day a new 18-hole, par 72, 6,700 yard South Golf Course was officially opened to the public on Sunset Hills Road across from the site of the Reston Inn and Conference Center complex.

Self-Government In Reston

In April, 1970, after a Reston citizen-wide vote, the First and Second Home Owners Associations, organized when Reston was first founded in 1963, became officially consolidated into one organization, The Reston Home Owners Association.

One month later citizens went to the polls to elect five representatives to Reston's first two Village Councils. The Lake Anne and Hunters Woods Village Councils then elected their own chairmen who automatically sat on Reston's first Town Council. Three citizen Board members from the Reston Home Owners Association made up the balance of the Town Council.

Graduate Studies In Reston

In July, 1970, the Gulf Reston Executive Offices were moved into new and expanded quarters at 11440 Isaac Newton Square, North. The former office space, a converted farmhouse on Spring Street and the site of the Executive Offices since Reston's origin in 1961, was renovated and leased to the Graduate Studies Center of the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (VPI).

Located in temporary quarters in the Newton Building since 1968, VPI opened the Fall Semester, 1970, with 250 students in seven graduate degree programs.

In August a graduate study center aimed at exploring and solving the problems of new communities was officially designated by Virginia Governor Linwood Holton to be located in Reston.

Governor Holton, who had in April made an official inspection tour of Reston, made this announcement at a luncheon meeting in the Reston Golf and Country Club. Also speaking at the luncheon were Housing and Urban Development Secretary George Romney and VPI President Marshall T. Hahn.

The New Communities Study Center, the first of its kind in the United States, was to be funded by state and Federal grants and administered by VPI.

Summary

1970, a cruel year for the nation's economy and the housing industry as a whole, was a year of impressive gains for Gulf Reston, Inc. Four years after Reston was officially dedicated population had risen 600 per cent, housing starts hit an all-time high, a record sales month was recorded. For the first time one could buy a townhouse for no money down, tax revenues to Fairfax County made impressive gains with support from Reston-based industry, and the completion of Cedar Ridge marked an important milepost in Gulf Reston's determination to provide housing for all income groups. Families of every income level could now live in Reston-the realization of a major planning goal.

Shortly before Christmas, a 259-page study prepared for the U.S. Department of Transportation by The University of Michigan's Institute for Social Research was made public. As a solid endorsement of Reston's success, the report concluded that out of ten planned communities interviewed, "General satisfaction among adults with their community was highest in Reston, where 61% said their satisfaction level was excellent."

An Editorial, Restonian (1968)

A New Magazine of New Ways to Live.

Before America was a nation its people were pushing outward. From the Massachusetts Bay Colony some of the pilgrims went south to what was to become Rhode Island. The farmers of Virginia trekked across the Appalachians to the Northwest Territory. Later, as the states gathered themselves together as a nation, the people moved further west – into the Great Plains and on to the Pacific Coast. Future generations, driven by the depression years or lured by speculative ventures, kept up the movement outward. Even as America pressed up against the ocean, the migrations continued.

This time the movement was interior – from the cities to the neighboring countryside. No Indians were killed or treaties broken to settle the suburbs, but all the same, our demographers and historians have not dealt kindly with this migration. In the story of urban America, it can be found under the heading "Urban Sprawl."

There are Americans today who are trying to write a new, hopeful chapter to this story. They are the pioneers of the New Towns. Like pioneers before them, they too are pushing outward. But their towns are not just new places to live. The New Towns, looking toward the future but remembering the past, offer an alternative to the sprawl of the suburbs and blight of the cities. Future cities themselves of 80,000 to 100,000, they are planned into the next generation – not to mold people into conformity but to give them options that land-grabbing, helter-skelter development doesn't.

The New Towns are building their own industry to give themselves eventual economic self-sufficiency. They provocatively mix residential and commercial areas so that shoppers have the convenience of the city neighborhood. They cluster homes together so that everyone can see the countryside from his kitchen window.

Already there are three score New Towns abuilding or on the way. Will they succeed or simply prove to be contemporary company towns or middle-class ghettos? And what of the people who live in the New Towns? Who is this new generation of pioneers? These are some of the questions that Restonian magazine will answer.

Because Restonian is a new magazine of new ways to live, it will not confine itself to New Towns. Wherever people are turning to new ways of living – New Town, suburb or city, in America or abroad – Restonian will turn.

Leonardo da Vinci and the New Town, Restonian (1968)

Thomas R. Huth

Being a ruler by birthright and a hedonist by nature, Lodovice Sforza had the means and the desire to divorce himself from the disagreeable elements of his 15th-century Milan. Venturing out from his splendid palace, he could not avoid the huddled masses, the aggressive prostitutes.

The noisy street-sellers and, most loathsome of all, the garbage that rained on the heads of unsuspecting passers-by and collected with noxious odor in great decomposing heaps along the streets. Lodovice issued regulations and imposed penalties, but the urban rot remained. It was left to Leonardo da Vinci to offer the solution: New Towns.

Leonardo had come to Milan in 1483 as a member of Lodivice's court. He had sold himself as a genius in the design of military hardware, but by the time he arrived Lodovice had turned to diplomacy as the better part of survival. So Leonardo busied himself with sketches and experiments, and proposed one noble project after another. But Lodovice, something of a Philistine, saw little sense in his young artist's ideas. What's more, Leonardo went months on end without getting his salary.

Then, in 1484 and for the next two years, Milan was visited by the Black Death. Lodovice quarantined the sick and, when that didn't work, fled the city. (His only illness was hypochondria—he wouldn't even go near state documents until they were perfumed.) It was in this situation of disease on top of squalor that Leonardo da Vinci imagined the New Towns.

"Give me the authority whereby, without expense to you," he wrote tactfully to Lodovice, and went on to propose the building of ten satellite cities of 5000 houses and 30,000 residents each. Thus, he wrote in phrases that ring familiar five hundred years later, "you will disperse... people who, herding together like goats one upon the back of another, filling every part with their stench, sow the seeds of pestilence and death."

Leonardo's plans were so ambitious, in fact, that his ten towns of 30,000 people would relocate the entire 300,000 residents of Milan. But, if he was proposing a revolution in city planning, he certainly had in mind no social revolution. This bastard son of a peasant woman was injured in the pleasures of good living and suffered uncommonly form contact with the mob.

His new cities were to have two levels—the upper for the "gentlefolk," as he called his crowd, and the lower for the "common people." As in today's New Towns, Leonardo provided for a separation of pedestrian and vehicular traffic—not for safety but so the poor people's wagons and carts would not clank and clatter through the beatific upper city.

And, so noblemen would not have to walk around enclosed in clouds of perfume, Leonardo devised an elaborate sewer system. The towns were to be built along rivers; all toilets and stables were to empty into conduits, which would carry the garbage into canals and then to the river, where the cycle would begin again with fresh water. All roads would have gutters down the middle, so street sweepings, too, would be whisked away. Smoke was also to be carried away from sight, and Leonardo presumably provided for underground cables in case someone discovered electricity. The beauty of the upper city was insured by his design, in which elevated reservoirs would water the gardens and the average height of houses would equal the width of the streets.

For the workingmen below, Leonardo designed openings in the upper streets to admit shafts of light. And he drew spiral staircases for the lower city, "because in the corners of square ones nuisances are apt to be committed" – Leonardo had discovered that men unfailingly urinated on the landings.

Leonardo may have realized that he was ahead of his time, because he pointed out to Lodovice the practical benefits: the municipalities would share in the costs of the towns, and the Duke would share in the profit. With a flourish, he told his patron that "the city will be of a beauty equal to its name, and useful to you for its revenues and the perpetual fame of its growth."

But this proposal, like Leonardo's earlier ideas, fell on unsympathetic ears. Instead, Lodovice called on physicians to fight the plague. He also consulted astrologers (they told him not to eat oysters). The plague eventually faded away, leaving 50,000 dead, and Leonardo set his sights lower in his search for freedom from stench and filth. Among his first projects was a redesigned toilet seat, and soon after that he drew plans for a sensible bawdyhouse.

防止滑倒

滑倒比罹患癌症還要嚴重

江守山 醫師

所有的人都以為癌症應該是最可怕的致命疾病。但是有很多情況比起恐怖的癌症來卻是不遑多讓。

如果跌倒導致骨折，因此而不能行走的人，一年的死亡率等同於接受手術加化療後的大腸癌病人。

家應該是每個人的安樂窩，提供大家一個安全的庇護所，但是弔詭的是根據統計，最常發生意外導致受傷的地方，不是馬路，工廠等大家認為危險的地方，反而是每個人的家。

依據美國兒童協會與國家安全協會調查報告，美國平均每年有312 萬人於家庭意外滑倒而受傷，約1 萬人死於滑倒意外事故!

而根據日本官方所發表的人口動態統計資料報告亦指出，日本每年因在家中滑倒而受傷的人數約為100萬人，而絆倒、滑倒死亡人數一年有737人，其中以65 歲 以上老人佔多數。

在布置裝潢美麗的家園時，幾乎沒有人會在意磁磚地板的摩擦係數，看過太多人花了1百多萬裝飾了一個美侖美奐的浴室，卻只是為家人製造了一個致命的陷阱。

大家也不要以為跌倒是因為年老力衰或運動神經不佳，幾年前就有一個溜冰國手在自家的浴室中滑一跤，不幸頭撞到地，導致顱內出血而死亡。試問有多少人的身手能勝過溜冰國手。

有一個中年婦女每個月都到我的門診拿藥。有一天不小心在家裡浴室跌了一下，當時她只是撞倒浴缸的邊緣，因為沒有很嚴重，所以她不以為意，但沒想到隔天就在家裡休克了。送到醫院時，發現她出現敗血症症狀，當我追查原因後發現，原來她跌跤的時候，把她的多囊腎囊泡撞破了!

（何謂多囊腎？這是一種遺傳病，病人的腎及肝臟會產生無數多的水泡，觸診時在腹部及側腰部可以摸到很大的腫塊，會逐漸壓迫腹內器官引 起腹部腫脹感及食欲減退，最後會導致尿毒症）於是引發感染造成敗血症，甚至引起急性腎衰竭，最後在加護病房住了兩個月，經過多次洗腎後，還好撿回了一命。

雖然她一直強調家裡的浴室地板不滑，但是當我去她家檢查時，發現她家地板的止滑係數只有0.3，那實在太低了。要想安心的在家中行 走，最好的方式，就是選擇達美國ASTM標準0.5的產品才行。

除了浴室外，樓梯也非常容易造成嚴重摔傷。以前有所謂「一條龍」設計的樓梯，也就是樓梯直直一條，從一樓、二樓、三樓直接上去的那一種，這種樓梯完全沒有轉折的設計，是相當危險的，如果不小心從三樓跌下來，就會直接跌到一樓，這造成的傷害會很大，因為摔下樓時會有重力加速度，所以很有可能連脖子都跌斷了。

可怕的是，這樣的樓梯設計，不但在台北，鄉下更是常見。所以合理的樓梯設計，應該要有適當的轉折，最好一 層樓設計兩個轉折。另外，樓板也要有適當的止滑和易於辨識的設計，讓人可以一眼看到樓板的差距，更可以避免上下樓的滑倒意外。另外，樓梯左右兩側都裝設扶手，這樣倘若踏空了，還有扶手可以抓住，避免跌落。

現在很多設計師，在裝潢時為了區隔不同的使用空間，喜歡設計地板高低差，這樣子或許很有創意，但如果地板間的高低差小於一個台階，很容易讓人忽略而被絆倒，造成更多居家跌倒的意外。尤其是老人家因為白內障等原因，視力不佳更容易因為這種小的高度 差造成的陷阱而摔倒。

偏偏老人家常有骨質疏鬆症，所以常常因為輕微的摔倒而骨折。骨折後因疼痛而不得不吃消炎藥，吃了消炎止痛藥後，又引起腸胃出血、腎衰竭等併發症，一路上兵敗如山倒，最後甚至因此需要洗腎甚至一命嗚呼。

所以保障家人健康需從這些簡單的預防著眼，不要小看磁磚的摩擦度、樓梯的設計，甚至於室內高 度差的設計手法。

地中海飲食

地中海飲食好妙方 可降低失智症罹患率3到4成

近年來台灣逐步邁向高齡化社會，罹患失智症的人口也逐年升高，為了避免失智症的侵害，耕莘醫院神經內科醫師劉議謙今天(4日)表示，採取地中海飲食型態，將可有效降低3到4成失智症發生的機率。

根據統計，在台灣，65歲以上的人口中，罹患失智症的人接近7%，超過17萬人；在85歲以上的人口中，罹患失智症者更接近3成，也就是每3人中就有1人罹患失智症。

為了減緩失智症的發生，耕莘醫院神經內科醫師劉議謙就建議民眾，可以選擇地中海飲食的生活型態，不但可以降低3至4成的罹患風險，對於已罹患失智症的長者，也可減緩失智症的惡化。

他說：『(原音)抗氧化的東西應該要多吃，譬如說像是花椰菜、像是藍莓、像是草莓，像是大部分的水果、蘋果、木瓜，有些東西要少吃，譬如說紅肉，為什麼呢？因為紅肉裡面有很多的飽和脂肪酸，它對於這個血管是比較不好的，那另外就是所有的加工食物，我們都不建議大家食用。』

醫師指出，失智症分為退化及血管型兩種，目前藥物只能控制，而且價格昂貴，提醒民眾預防重於治療，因此平時如何吃得健康就顯得相當重要。而為了教導民眾正確的飲食觀念，主辦單位天主教失智症老人基金會也出版了「這樣吃不失智」的新書，除教導民眾預防失智外，也同時為失智病患的長期照護募款，提供失智症患者更好養護照顧。

大愛感恩科技

鳳凰台推出了新版本的慈濟故事
http://www.tudou.com/programs/view/eIUVhrZ7Wvw/

大愛感恩科技 第一家環保社會公益企業

遠見雜誌2011年5月號第299期 作者：呂愛麗

誰想得到，2004年南亞海嘯，竟意外催生了台灣第一家環保社會公益企業——大愛感恩科技。

那年，基業船務公司創辦人李宗吉之子李鼎銘，跟隨慈濟國際人道援助會親臨受災最嚴重的印尼亞齊，看到不同膚色、信仰的人，從世界各地飛去，只為一個目的，觸發他反省，「身為實業家的我們，是否可以付出更多？」

從亞齊回台後，李鼎銘和另外四位也是大愛志工的台灣企業家，包括味全董事長魏應充、德式馬董事長黃華德、東英建設董事長高明善，以及宏碁創辦人之一林家和，一起將設立於2003年的人援會進行更細緻的分工，下設五個小組，涵蓋食、衣、住、行、資訊，由五位實業家擔任召集人，人援會並開始以慈濟環保志工於全台所回收的寶特瓶，整合紡織業上、中、下游廠商，製成環保毛毯。這正是大愛感恩科技的雛形。從事紡織業逾30年的德式馬董事長黃華德擔任人援會總召集人，他傾全力支援，在公司內部設立專責部門，編列預算。

但他很快就發現，「慈濟資源龐大，我愈做愈焦慮，發現不論投入多少經費、人力，都來不及，也做得不夠透徹」。於是，五人商討成立一家經營模式與一般營利企業截然不同的公司，獲利全數回饋「慈濟基金會」。集資7000多萬元後，向證嚴法師爭取了兩年始獲得首肯，大愛感恩科技終於2008年12月誕生。

寶特瓶化身100種生活用品

過去，人援會將環保志工回收的寶特瓶製成賑災環保毛毯；如今，大愛感恩科技將寶特瓶化身成更多生活用品，包括一般的休閒服飾、服飾配件、生活織品、嬰兒織品等逾100種產品。

自成立以來，不論回收市場行情如何，大愛感恩科技均以高出市場1元的價格收購寶特瓶。

因此，外界質疑，大愛感恩科技是因為有堅強的環保志工做後盾，因此可免費拿到回收寶特瓶，「就算成功也沒什了不起」的說法，似乎不是很站得住腳。

雖然從人援會開始，已經研發將寶特瓶製成布料的技術，黃華德率領的團隊，歷經兩年，成功將良率提高至80％。

祝福母親節快樂！

小人精，唱得太好了，也太懂事了，100天的時候爸爸車禍去世，媽媽姥姥拉扯她，她對媽媽說，謝謝媽媽生下了我。


看視频吧，前段很可愛很搞笑，後段很心酸。

http://bbs.city.tianya.cn/tianyacity/content/45/1/1273412.shtml

 

母親節快樂！

真正的智慧，源自於全然瞭解偉大的愛...

中國古代有一位名叫周豫的讀書人，有個朋友送來了生猛海鮮給這位周豫，正是他最嗜吃的鱔魚，剛巧這一天閒來無事，周豫一時技癢，便想親自動手，試試自己許久未展露的手藝，好好地將這些朋友送來的鱔魚，煮上一鍋清燉鱔魚湯來嚐嚐。

周豫將魚放入鍋中，只見那些鱔魚仍自由自在地在鍋子裡游著，在鍋子底下用小火緩緩加熱，水溫逐漸升高，鱔魚在鍋中絲毫未覺水溫的變化，慢慢地就會被煮熟了，這就是周豫過人的廚藝所在。

據說，用這方式煮熟的鱔魚，因為不會經歷殺的過程，沒有掙扎所以牠的肉質也就不會緊繃，相對地口感自然好上許多。

隨著那一鍋湯慢慢煮沸了，周豫將鍋蓋掀起來看看，卻發現了一個奇特的現象，鍋中有一條鱔魚的身體竟然向上弓起，只留頭部跟尾巴在煮沸的湯水之中，這條身體弓起的鱔魚，整個腹部都向上彎了起來，露出在沸湯之外，一直到牠死了，身體猶然保持彎起的形狀而不倒下。

周豫看到這種情形，心中感到十分好奇，便立刻將這條形狀奇特的鱔魚撈出湯外，取了一把刀來，將鱔魚彎起的腹部剖開來，想要看個清楚，牠究竟是為何，需要如此辛苦地將腹部彎起。

在剖開的鱔魚腹中，周豫驚奇地發現，那裡面竟藏著滿滿的魚卵，數目之多，難以計算。原來這條母鱔魚為了保護肚子裡的眾多魚卵，情願將自己的頭尾浸入沸湯之中，直至死亡；護子心切而將腹部彎起，得以避開滾熱的沸水。

周豫看到這一幕，呆呆地不知在原地站了多，淚水不自禁地潸潸流個不停，尋思鱔魚猶捨命護子，自己對母親，卻仍於孝道有虧；周豫感慨之餘，發誓終身不再吃鱔魚，並對母親加倍地尊敬與孝順。

小時候要隨家人上山種植蔬果，那時不懂為什麼要在柿子、楊桃樹幹上砍幾刀或槌幾下，問家人，他們說 : 這樣較會開花 …

後來我才領悟到 : 這便是無情說法，有情動物，母愛天性，植物亦然，當他受到刺激或有生命危機時，為保全或延續後代 ，無畏犧牲自己，耗盡機能拼命開花結果…

媒體報導虐女殺子事件，為財? 情緒失控? 真不可思議 !! 而為人子女者，又何嘗不思母愛偉大無私，當下行孝 若以忙碌，學識高財產多，而不屑父母者，當思乳羊跪母，烏鴉反哺，自省身從何來，今日所有，源流何處 ? 才不枉為人。

莫嘆子欲養而親不待！及時行孝，善待父母。

敬祝全天下偉大母親 母親節快樂！

慈濟四十五年周年慶

活動日期與地點：

今年慶典與社區活動介紹將訂於5/8, 10:00 am– 2:00 pm於北維瑞斯頓Reston Lake Anne Shopping Plaza, VA- North Shore Drive, Reston, VA 20190舉行﹝Shopping Plaza位於瑞斯頓會所後方)

45th Annual Celebration Schedule:

浴佛典禮 - Buddha Birthday Ceremony (10 am ~ 11:30 am )

靜態海報導覽 - Posters Tour (11:30 am ~ Noon)

蔬果博覽會 - Veggie Expo (11:30 am ~ 1:30 pm)

社區活動表演 - Live Stage Performance (Noon ~ 1:30 pm)

靜思茶道 - Tea Ceremony (Noon ~ 1:30 pm)

手工藝 - Handcraft Demo (Noon ~ 1:30 pm)

靜態海報展 - Posters Display (10 am ~ 2 pm)

社區表演節目表:

Live Stage Performance Schedule

古箏 - Gu-Zeng (12:05 pm ~ 12:25 pm )

太極拳 - Tai Chi (12:25 pm ~ 12:30 pm)

慈少音樂劇 - Tzu Shao Recycling skit (12:30 pm ~ 12:35 pm)

藝術歌曲演唱 - Solo (12:35 pm ~ 12:45 pm)

手語 - Sign Language Performance (12:45 pm ~ 12:50 pm)

大愛服裝秀 - Fashion Show (12:50 pm ~ 1:00 pm)

手語 - Sign Language Performance (1:00 pm ~ 1:05 pm)
-----------------

祈禱/Prayer

我的心 在靜思中感恩

In my heart, I feel deep gratefulness

我的心念 充滿虔誠

All my heart is filled with sincere prayer

大家一起來祈禱

From all corners of the world

從不同角落地點

Let us join our heart and pray

祈求平安吉祥滿人間

For a world of harmony and peace

我的心 在靜思中感恩

In my heart, I feel deep gratefulness

我的心念上達諸佛聽

May all the Buddhas hear my prayer

大家心口一念

All united with one heart

化解惡念結善緣

Let us end our hate with love

祈求天下無災 歲歲年年

May there be no suffering year after year

用心祈禱

From my heart, I pray

我願人人傳承智慧燈

May we pass on to all beings the light
清淨溫暖又光明

Of true wisdom deep and bright

點燃無窮清靜愛

Of pure endless Great Love

把燈照亮人間路

That will guide us in our life

用心祈禱

From my heart, I pray

但願人人牽手心連心

May we join our hands, our hearts as one

開啟光明大愛

Spread the seeds of Great Love

長養智慧福德

Nature wisdom evermore

娑婆世界現光明

Let us fill the world with hope

我的心 在靜思中感恩

In my heart, I feel deep gratefulness

我的心念上達諸佛心

May all the Buddhas know my prayer

大家心口一念

All united with one heart

化解惡念結善緣

Let us end our hate with love

祈求天下無災 歲歲年年

May there be no suffering year after year

帶殼菱角湯

一貼處方 鬼門關前救人(真人真事)

11月15日在醫學院教書時，系裡同事跑到教室緊張遞給我一字條上面寫著「教授，中國國務院緊急來電，請盡快回電。」

因為還有3分鐘下課，我就繼續教書。

下課後依電話號碼打去，對方聽到我聲音後「MEDOV醫生，請救救我親戚啊，他得到癌症。」

喔！原來是上次招待我到北京釣魚台國賓館的中國X中央常委。

MEDOV：「X常委別緊張現在什麼狀況?」

中國中央常委：「MEDOV醫生，妳能立刻來中國嗎?我要香港私人飛機去台灣接妳。」

MEDOV：「X常委，很抱歉我走不開。」

中國中央常委：「MEDOV醫生，妳要多少錢都沒關係，只要能救活我親戚。」

MEDOV：「X常委，很抱歉我是醫生，救人是我的責任，不能拿紅包。我們專心來處理您親戚問題吧。他現在怎麼樣?您能將它病歷摘要發到我EMAIL」

中國中央常委：「我們這裡醫生說他得到癌症，其他我就不知道，病歷摘要我會伊媚兒給你，現在病人適合用什麼藥。他現在適合化療嗎?」

我依照慣例給他和部落格罹癌格友的建議一樣「X常委，要她不能再吃糖份(包括代糖)，趕快吃素，食物要少鹽低蛋白。

現在時令剛好可以喝帶殼菱角湯，喝完後要檢驗Carcinoembryonic antigen(CEA)和胎兒蛋白AFP（α-fetoprotein）以便了解是否有效。至於是否要化療，因為他所有病歷資料我都不知道，實在不能隨便建議，您要考慮他身體是否適合化療，因為藥物去消滅癌細胞，可是癌細胞還沒被消滅，好的細胞卻先被殺死。」

18日收到病人的電腦斷層掃描中文病歷摘要，全部是中國醫生術語，實在看不懂，還被問要用什麼藥物。

趕快打電話給中國X中央常委。

MEDOV：「X常委，您親戚電腦斷層掃描中文病歷摘要我收到了，中國醫院術語與台灣醫院術語完全不一樣，

我不能隨便建議用藥。最好您有核磁共振資料，北京有很多醫院有核磁共振儀器。您親戚喝帶殼菱角湯怎麼樣?」

中國中央常委：「MEDOV醫生妳真神，我親戚喝帶殼菱角湯後，他都會主動要求喝」

MEDOV：「X常委，沒什麼啦。癌症病人血液檢查的結果百分之八十五都是酸性反應。

長期素食、喝帶殼菱角湯剛好是強鹼性吧了，讓您親戚體質由強酸變成強鹼性，癌細胞就無法存活」

一個月後，病人家人主動來電「MEDOV醫生妳救了我爺爺命，北京所有醫生說我爺爺三天後必死，家裡孩子與鄰家小孩看到他沒血色臉孔都哭了。沒想到喝帶殼菱角湯他癌細胞越來越少，臉色開始改變」

「MEDOV醫生妳來中國我們全家請您吃飯與喝酒」

MEDOV：「不必啦，我吃素又不喝酒，救人是我醫生的責任。他還是要長期吃素喔，不要再吃燒烤食物。

還是要檢驗Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)和胎兒蛋白AFP（α-fetoprotein）。」

病人家人「MEDOV醫生，X常委要醫院與醫學院化驗帶殼菱角湯，發現菱角可以釋放抗癌因子，現在北京9位中央常委都喝帶殼菱角湯保養身體呢。」

以上是一貼帶殼菱角湯處方，鬼門關前救人。

實案例很重要，請耐心看完！即使看過了還是要再看，尤其下面的酸鹼性食物最好多看幾次，

就可以記住了。請耐心看完這篇文章，對自身健康很有幫助！

帶殼菱角湯也曾救過公賣局臺北啤酒廠的張先生，和前臺東省立醫院總務課長陳添壽先生。

關心自己也要關心別人，85﹪癌症病患屬於酸性體質

＊健康人的血液是成弱鹼性的，約是pH7.35∼7.45左右

＊嬰兒也是屬於弱鹼性的體質

＊成長期的成人有體質酸化的現象

根據一項六百位癌症病人體液分佈的研究，顯示85﹪癌症病患屬於酸性體質。

因此，如何使體質維持在弱鹼性就是遠離疾病的第一步。

酸性體質的生理表徵

1.皮膚無光澤。

2.香港腳。

3.稍做運動即感疲勞，一上公車便想睡覺。

4.上下樓梯容易氣喘。

5.肥胖、下腹突出。

6.步伐緩慢、動作遲緩。

為什麼會形成酸性體質？

1.度攝取乳酸性食品

a)肉類、乳酪製品與蛋、牛肉、火腿等皆屬於酸性食品。

b)攝取過量的酸性食品血液會傾向酸性而變黏稠，不易流到細血管的末稍，

而易造成手腳或膝蓋的冷寒症，以及肩膀僵硬和失眠等。

c)年輕力壯時吃適量的肉類是對的，但老年人則以蔬菜或小魚為宜。

2.生活步調失常會造成酸性體質

a)生活步調失常會造成精神與肉體的壓力。

b)據統計，晚睡者罹患癌症的機率比正常人高出五倍。

c)人類本來就活在節奏的世界裡，無法事先儲備睡眠或飲食，也不能日夜顛倒。

d)人體內臟受自律神經控制，白天主要是交感神經活動，晚上則由副交感神經工作，若使其錯亂及倒置，就亦百病滋生。

3.情緒過於緊張

a)文明社會會造成的壓力。

b)工作上或精神上的壓力。

c)當一個人承受精神壓力後，一旦緊張鬆弛，時會造成猝死，稱為潛在性副腎皮質機能不全症。

4.肉體的緊張

a)動手術之前應先檢查腎上腺皮質機能是否正常。如果副腎皮質機能較差，或手術壓力遠超過副腎調整功能，

則可能造成病人死亡或其他不良影響。

b)若發現病患臉部浮腫，需詳加詢問病史及服藥狀況，為長期服用腎上腺皮質賀爾蒙者，施以針灸要特別注意反應。

c)勞動或運動過度，通宵打牌、開車等壓力都應盡量避免。

附錄：常見食物的酸鹼性

1.強酸性食品：蛋黃、乳酪、白糖做的西點或柿子、烏魚子、柴魚等。

2.中酸性食品：火腿、培根、雞肉、鮪魚、豬肉、鰻魚、牛肉、麵包、小麥、奶油、馬肉等。

3.弱酸性食品：白米、落花生、啤酒、酒、油炸豆腐、海苔、文蛤、章魚、泥鰍。

4..弱鹼性食品：紅豆、蘿蔔、蘋果、甘藍菜、洋蔥、豆腐等。

5.中鹼性食品：蘿蔔乾、大豆、紅蘿蔔、蕃茄、香蕉、橘子、南瓜、草莓、蛋白、梅乾、檸檬、菠菜等。

6.強鹼性食品：葡萄、茶葉、葡萄酒、海帶芽、海帶等。尤其是天然綠藻富含葉綠素，是不錯的鹼性健康食品，

而茶類不宜過量，最佳飲用時間為早上。
.....................................................................

此篇文章不是鼓勵癌症病患放棄化療，而是要您平時多吃素，少葷食多運動。

萬一罹癌後盡量改變素食，以保持身體成強鹼性。

腫瘤切除後並不代表就不會復發，還是吃素保持身體成強鹼性為佳。

帶殼菱角湯

鮮菱角20∼30個。

方法：菱角洗淨，不要剝開菱角，加水適量蓋過總菱角，文火煎成濃湯服用。

每日1次，分2次服完。

菱角性寒，有的人喝了會拉肚子，要適量，喝完一定要檢驗Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)和胎兒蛋白AFP（α-fetoprotein）。

母親節前夕的獻禮

《陳情表》

臣密言：“臣以險舋，夙遭閔兇。生孩六月，慈父見背；行年四歲，舅奪母志。祖母劉， 愍臣孤弱，躬親撫養。臣少多疾病。九歲不行。零丁孤苦，至於成立。既無叔伯，終鮮兄弟。 門衰祚薄，晚有兒息。外無期功強近之親，內無應門五尺之童。煢煢孑立，形影相吊。而劉夙嬰疾病，常在床蓐；臣待湯藥，未嘗廢離。 　

逮奉聖朝，沐浴清化。前太守臣逵，察臣孝廉；後刺史臣榮，舉臣秀才。臣以供養無主， 辭不赴命。詔書特下，拜臣郎中。尋蒙國恩，除臣洗馬。猥以微賤，當待東宮，非臣隕首所 能上報。臣具以表聞，辭不就職。詔書切峻，責臣逋慢。郡縣逼迫，催臣上道。州司臨門， 急於星火。臣欲奉詔奔馳，則以劉病日篤；欲苟順私情，則告訴不許。臣之進退，實為狼狽。 　　

伏惟聖朝，以孝治天下。凡在故老，猶蒙矜育；況臣孤苦，特為尤甚。且臣少事偽朝， 歷職郎署，本圖宦達，不矜名節。今臣亡國賤俘，至微至陋。過蒙拔擢，寵命優渥，豈敢盤 桓，有所希冀？但以劉日薄西山，氣息奄奄，人命危淺，朝不慮夕。臣無祖母，無以至今日？ 祖母無臣，無以終餘年。母孫二人，更相為命。是以區區不能廢遠。 　　

臣密今年四十有四，祖母劉今年九十有六；是以臣盡節於陛下之日長，報劉之日短也。 烏鳥私情，願乞終養！臣之辛苦，非獨蜀之人士，及二州牧伯，所見明知；皇天后土，實所共鑑。願陛下矜愍愚誠，聽臣微志。庶劉僥倖，卒保餘年。臣生當隕首，死當結草。臣不勝犬馬怖懼之情，謹拜表以聞！”

《陳情表》賞析: 若您能看完，也能解說清楚，我真佩服您的國學底子！

第一段：我猜的是兒時命運乖桀，身子很差
第二段：我猜的是姿態很高，但因祖母劉情有可諒
第三段：我猜的是終於出任，但心仍有罣礙
第四段：我猜的是終為祖母劉辭官？孝行感人！


希望我的小孩也能瞭解我的苦心。

借人之智

借人之智 完善自己

人生就是這樣：

和陽光的人在一起，心裏就不會晦暗；

和快樂的人在一起，嘴角就常帶微笑；

和進取的人在一起，行動就不會落後；

和大方的人在一起，處事你就不小氣；

和睿智的人在一起，遇事你就不迷茫；

和聰明的人在一起，做事你就變機敏。

懂得感恩的人，善待他人；

懂得惜福的人，善待自己；

懂得欣賞的人，善待周圍的一切。

善於發現別人的優點，

並把它轉化成自己的長處，你就會成為聰明人。

善於把握人生的機遇，

並把它轉化成自己的機遇，你就會成為優秀者。

善於捕捉健康的元素，

並把它轉化成自己的幸福，你就會成為富有人。

借人之智，完善自己，

服務他人，精益求精，

學最好的別人，做最好的自己。

我叫曾妙

我叫曾妙（真實又好笑）

本篇作者為黃全祿檢察官的公子"黃俊彥" ，目前為建國中學二年級的資優生 ，現在流傳到網路上去，可見有趣的東西、有意思的文章大家都喜愛。

不過當初第一個轉寄的人忘了將作者的名字附上去，真可惜。

誰的名字最有趣？
--------------------

我爸爸叫做黃全祿，和「黃泉路」的音一模一樣，偏偏他又當檢察官，許多當事人收到他的傳票，都臉色大變，以為自己死路一條；殊不知我老爸遇到我老媽以後，馬上起死回生，因我媽媽姓徐（徐是慢慢的意思），名慶生（好像男生的名字，因為排慶字輩的關係）。

再說我們學校前任家長會包會長，名叫包崇敏（包你聰明）；萬萬沒有想到會長夫人叫朱若愚，真是大智若愚，也有人說她一生不愁吃，因為名字裡有豬有肉有魚，有意思吧！

爸爸的同事中有幾位的名字也很有趣，有位法官叫錢通，沒想到他因受賄案被偵辦，

如今變成「錢不通」了。 楊軍法官單名叫威，每次打軍用電話，由於收訊不良，常常要大聲報告名字，令旁人暗地偷笑，因為他都大叫：「喂，喂，我楊威（陽痿）啊！」

另一位檢察官姓沙名任，他更有意思。每次打電話去警察局刑事組的時候，常常扯不清楚。

「喂，我沙任啊！」「啊？你殺人？」「我沙檢察官！」「什麼？你殺了檢察官，還不快來投案！」

還有一件更鮮的事，媽媽的學姊楊阿姨（ 曾 太太），她的女兒古箏彈得非常好聽，

媽媽前去道賀：「妳彈得真好！」

「阿姨，曾好是我弟弟的名字，我叫曾妙，妳怎麼知道我弟弟的名字？」

「什麼？妳弟弟叫曾好，妳叫曾妙？這…這名字取得真棒！」

「阿姨，妳說什麼？曾棒是我小弟的名字，妳怎麼又知道我小弟的名字？」

「哈哈哈…曾妙、曾好、曾棒，太好笑了，是誰給你們取得名字？取得可真鮮啊！」

「是我爸爸取的，我爸爸就叫曾先，妳怎麼連我爸爸的名字都知道呢？」

老媽一聽，馬上笑得不支倒地。

還有陳皇妙, 寸密興, 松福林

送給孩子的三樣禮物

文／李偉文

學校開學了，孩子進入新的學習階段，家長們在打點孩子的學用品，或孩子的生日時，有沒有想過該送什麼禮物，能夠在人生旅途中一直陪伴著他們呢？

從孩子們開始上學，我就想著這個問題，並且選定了三樣禮物，也認為是身為父母所能給與的最好禮物。

第一樣禮物，是生活常規的養成

我們希望孩子有規律的作息，每天分擔家事，不吃垃圾食物，養成衛生與運動的習慣。這些常規一定得從小培養，這也將成為終生難以改變的習慣。我們甚至可以說，孩子將來的生活習慣與生活態度，是每天和孩子一起生活的家長逃避不了的責任。

第二樣禮物，是讓孩子養成喜歡看書的習慣

全球化時代的最大特徵就是變動迅速，各個學門、各項產業，「典範轉移」的速度非常快，現在所學的知識或技能，往往三、五年後就完全淘汰了，我們又如何教孩子現在根本就不存在的東西？所以，如果孩子喜歡看書，起碼我們知道，他們能夠不斷地學習新的知識，對於世界仍抱持著好奇與探索的熱情。

孩子還不會說話時，每天晚上，我們就拿著繪本與她們一起共讀。

孩子進入小學識字後，也開始自己閱讀。我總覺得，閱讀是一種習慣，而習慣的養成需要環境。當大人整個晚上緊盯著電視，卻要求孩子靜下心來閱讀，就不是適當的環境。

我們家沒有電視機，只有書，到處都是書。不管大人或小孩，在家不是看書，就是討論或創作。透過閱讀，孩子們養成了主動學習、深入探索的習慣，培養出想像與創造的能力。

第三樣禮物，是領導與被領導的素養

所謂領導與被領導，其實就是表達與傾聽的能力。未來是屬於人際關係變動頻繁的專案工作型時代，孩子們必須適應短時間和一群人合作並完成任務，專案結束後又必須跟另一批不同的人合作。在不同的團隊裏，往往扮演著不同的角色，有時候是領導者，有時候是被領導者。領導者要能清楚地表達自己的想法，而被領導者起碼要能了解別人在說什麼，才能順利完成受分派到的工作。

表達能力分為「口語表達」與「寫作」。從小我們就鼓勵孩子參加演講比賽，甚至練習相聲、竹板快書等民俗技藝，同時透過閱讀與看影片後的討論，使她們學習整理自己的思緒，並且清楚地表達出來。

我們也鼓勵她們參加社團，不管在學校裏、社區裏，或是荒野保護協會的「炫蜂團」，讓孩子參與混合了不同年齡小孩的團隊，共同設計或規畫活動，在自然而然的情境下，有了「領導與被領導」的機會，學習如何與人相處，增加與人互動的經驗。

除了這三樣禮物，我們也希望她們從小能在大自然中長大，感受無數生命在大自然中的奧妙，不是在家裏養昆蟲，不是在花盆裏種東西，而是在生物的原生地與它們作朋友。

大自然豐富的生命力，是紓解壓力最好的方法。因此，培養孩子親近大自然的習慣，當他們在成長路上遭遇挫折困頓時，也有能力自己打開生命的結。

有時很感慨，現在的父母辛苦奔波賺錢，無非是希望給孩子更好的照顧與成長，但物質的豐盛，或一個又一個安親班、才藝班的填鴨，這會是孩子美好的童年回憶、健康的成長環境嗎？

我常覺得，孩子將來最溫暖的回憶，以及安心學習的基礎，是來自於父母的陪伴。

父母把孩子所有時間排得滿滿的，每天應付學校與各類補習班裏從不間斷的考試，這其中最大的危機，就是斬斷了孩子自主學習的動力；相反地，許多研究都證明，給孩子足夠的空白時間，讓孩子在大自然裏自在地玩耍，可以點燃他們對世界好奇探索的熱情，這才是創造力與想像力的起源。

以上這幾樣，是我認為父母所能給與孩子生命中最好的禮物。而這些珍貴的禮物，是我們花再多錢也換取不到的。

(本文摘自李偉文部落格)